全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10633篇 |
免费 | 2154篇 |
国内免费 | 2429篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 860篇 |
大气科学 | 2002篇 |
地球物理 | 3268篇 |
地质学 | 3885篇 |
海洋学 | 3330篇 |
天文学 | 53篇 |
综合类 | 872篇 |
自然地理 | 946篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 23篇 |
2023年 | 134篇 |
2022年 | 336篇 |
2021年 | 431篇 |
2020年 | 457篇 |
2019年 | 462篇 |
2018年 | 437篇 |
2017年 | 461篇 |
2016年 | 455篇 |
2015年 | 578篇 |
2014年 | 645篇 |
2013年 | 681篇 |
2012年 | 699篇 |
2011年 | 723篇 |
2010年 | 548篇 |
2009年 | 675篇 |
2008年 | 576篇 |
2007年 | 699篇 |
2006年 | 655篇 |
2005年 | 628篇 |
2004年 | 553篇 |
2003年 | 519篇 |
2002年 | 462篇 |
2001年 | 424篇 |
2000年 | 419篇 |
1999年 | 394篇 |
1998年 | 359篇 |
1997年 | 302篇 |
1996年 | 290篇 |
1995年 | 258篇 |
1994年 | 227篇 |
1993年 | 205篇 |
1992年 | 146篇 |
1991年 | 86篇 |
1990年 | 61篇 |
1989年 | 53篇 |
1988年 | 56篇 |
1987年 | 20篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 18篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1954年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
131.
132.
Japanese fisheries production in the Japan/East Sea between 1958 and 2003 increased to their peak (1.76 million tons) in the late 1980s and decreased abruptly with the collapse of Japanese sardine. Catch results for 58 fisheries and various environmental time-series data sets and community indices, including mean trophic level (MTL) and Simpson’s diversity index (DI), were used to investigate the impacts of fishing and climate changes on the structure of the fish community in the Tsushima warm current (TWC) region of the Japan/East Sea. The long-term trend in fisheries production was largely dependent on the Japanese sardine that, as a single species, contributed up to 60% of the total production in the Japanese waters of the Japan/East Sea during the late 1980s. Excluding Japanese sardine, production of the small pelagic species was higher during 1960s and 1990s but lower during 1970s and 1980s. This variation pattern generally corresponds with the trend in water temperature, warmer before early 1960s and after 1990s but colder during 1970s and 1980s. The warm-water, large predatory fishes and cold water demersal species show opposite responses to the water temperature in the TWC region, indicating the significant impact of oceanic conditions on fisheries production of the Japan/East Sea. Declines in demersal fishes and invertebrates during 1970s and 1980s suggested some impact of fishing. MTL and DI show a similar variation pattern: higher during 1960s and 1990s but lower during 1970s and 1980s. In particular, the sharp decline during the 1980s resulted from the abundant sardine catches, suggesting that dominant species have a large effect on the structure of the fish community in the Japan/East Sea. Principal component analysis for 58 time-series data sets of fisheries catches suggested that the fish community varied on inter-annual to inter-decadal scales; the abrupt changes that occurred in the mid-1970s and late 1980s seemed to correspond closely with the climatic regime shifts in the North Pacific. These results strongly suggest that the structure of the fish community in the Japan/East Sea was largely affected by climatic and oceanic regime shifts rather than by fishing. There is no evidence showing “fishing down food webs” in the Japan/East Sea. However, in addition to the impacts of abrupt shifts that occurred in the late 1980s, the large predatory and demersal fishes seem to be facing stronger fishing pressure with the collapse of the Japanese sardine. 相似文献
133.
Tide gauges distributed all over the world provide valuable information for monitoring mean sea level changes. The statistical models used in estimating sea level change from the tide gauge data assume implicitly that the random model components are stationary in variance. We show that for a large number of global tide gauge data this is not the case for the seasonal part using a variate-differencing algorithm. This finding is important for assessing the reliability of the present estimates of mean sea level changes because nonstationarity of the data may have marked impact on the sea level rate estimates, especially, for the data from short records. 相似文献
134.
A preliminary study of carbon system in the East China Sea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shizuo Tsunogai Shuichi Watanabe Junya Nakamura Tsuneo Ono Tetsuro Sato 《Journal of Oceanography》1997,53(1):9-17
In the central part of the East China Sea, the activity of CO2 in the surface water and total carbonate, pH and alkalinity in the water column were determined in winter and autumn of 1993.
The activity of CO2 in the continental shelf water was about 50 ppm lower than that of surface air. This decrease corresponds to the absorption
of about 40 gC/m2/yr of atmospheric CO2 in the coastal zone or 1 GtC/yr in the global continental shelf, if this rate is applicable to entire coastal seas. The normalized
total carbonate contents were higher in the water near the coast and near the bottom. This increase toward the bottom may
be due to the organic matter deposited on the bottom. This conclusion is supported by the distribution of pH. The normalized
alkalinity distribution also showed higher values in the near-coast water, but in the surface water, indicating the supply
of bicarbonate from river water. The residence time of the East China Sea water, including the Yellow Sea water, has been
calculated to be about 0.8 yr from the excess alkalinity and the alkalinity input. Using this residence time and the excess
carbonate, we can estimate that the amount of dissolved carbonate transported from the coastal zone to the oceanic basin is
about 70 gC/m2/yr or 2 GtC/yr/area-of-global-continental-shelf. This also means that the rivers transport carbon to the oceans at a rate
of 30 gC/m2/yr of the coastal sea or 0.8 GtC/yr/ area-of-global shelf, the carbon consisting of dissolved inorganic carbonate and terrestrial
organic carbon decomposed on the continental shelf. 相似文献
135.
136.
A Preliminary Study of Shear Wave in Seafloor Surface Sediments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article preliminarily reports and analyses the transmission characteristics and behaviors of shear wave in the offshore seafloor surface sediments in China, discusses the relationships between the physical and mechanical features of the shear wave and the compression wave, and compares the testing results with that of Hamilton and Chen et al. The result shows that the shear wave can be tested if the seafloor surface sediment has tangent modulus. The shear wave velocity ranges from 50-600 m/s and the measuring frequency from 50-200 kHz. The sound velocity rate of shear wave and compression wave can be used to appraise the stress-strain feature of seafloor surface sediments. This study provides a basis for further describing and appraising the seafloor sedimentary acoustic-mechanical feature and building a geological-acoustic model on China's offshore sea area. 相似文献
137.
138.
海水养殖真鲷弧菌病病原菌外毒素的分离、纯化及生物学活性 总被引:18,自引:2,他引:18
1996年6月初,对福建省平潭县真鲷网箱养殖场发生的弧菌病进行研究,并确定该病病原菌为最小弧菌(Vibrio mimicus)。采用硫酸铵沉淀、DEAE-纤维素层析及Sephadex-G100层析等方法对最小弧菌产生的外毒素进行研究。结果表明,该外毒素为单一的多肽,分子量为30.456kD,对真鲷的LD50为4.48μg,对真鲷等养殖动物的溶血性最强,对Vero细胞的CD50值为0.48μg,肠毒性弱阳性。该外毒素与最小弧菌产生的其他毒力因子相比,性质独特,是一类新的毒力因子,建议命名为Vm-Pm毒素。 相似文献
139.
Lynne D. Talley Pavel Tishchenko Vladimir Luchin Alexander Nedashkovskiy Sergey Sagalaev Dong-Jin Kang Mark Warner Dong-Ha Min 《Progress in Oceanography》2004,61(2-4):277
Hydrographic properties from CTD and discrete bottle sample profiles covering the Japan (East) Sea in summer, 1999, are presented in vertical sections, maps at standard depths, maps on isopycnal surfaces, and as property–property distributions. This data set covers most of the Sea with the exception of the western boundary region and northern Tatar Strait, and includes nutrients, pH, alkalinity, and chlorofluorocarbons, as well as the usual temperature, salinity, and oxygen observations. 相似文献
140.